The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) has directed authorized platforms to block new trading and purchases of stablecoins non-compliant with MiCA regulations, giving national regulators three months to resolve existing customer holdings. Concurrently, Ledger confirmed that a covert spy chip in devices resold by CryptoBilis stole recovery phrases, resulting in an estimated $93.2 million loss across more than 300 wallets. Institutional crypto infrastructure expanded globally as Russia’s Sberbank secured approval to trade Bitcoin, Ether, and Tether for all clients starting December 1, and Thailand opened its stock exchange to locally listed Bitcoin and Ether ETFs effective October 16. Standard Chartered also launched institutional custody for Ripple’s RLUSD stablecoin in Dubai, with plans to connect holdings to LMAX for use as trading collateral pending regulatory approvals.