Security researcher Zealynx detailed the mechanics behind Arbitrum's October 30 network freeze, revealing that the event was executed through a single Ethereum transaction that temporarily swapped the code of Arbitrum's Inbox contract to deliver messages before reverting it. The process involved two separate message deliveries within the same transaction, each requiring a swap-and-revert cycle on the Inbox contract code. On Arbitrum One, the only distinguishing factors between the transfers were the transaction type and blank signatures.