Vitalik Buterin has published a comprehensive article on the Goldreich–Kahan–Rothblum (GKR) protocol, highlighting its potential to significantly accelerate zero-knowledge (ZK) proofs. The article introduces a "batch × multi-layer" computational structure that minimizes intermediate commitments, focusing only on input and output commitments. By using the Poseidon2 hash as an example, Buterin explains a recursive proof process that incorporates sumcheck and optimizations such as Gruen's trick and linear batching. The article suggests that the GKR protocol can be integrated with BaseFold or FRI in polynomial commitment scenarios, achieving an overhead approximately 100 times lower than traditional STARKs, with expectations of single-digit overhead. However, Buterin warns of potential risks related to in-circuit predictability in the Fiat–Shamir challenge, emphasizing the need for caution in its implementation.