Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has criticized many Layer 2 projects for not achieving true decentralization. Speaking at EthCC on July 3, 2025, Buterin highlighted that several projects claiming to operate on-chain still maintain backdoors or fail to meet their decentralization claims. He argued that such architectures are practically equivalent to traditional centralized servers. Buterin suggested that if developers are hesitant to fully decentralize, they might as well opt for centralized servers instead.
Vitalik Buterin Criticizes Layer 2 Projects for Lack of Decentralization
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