Decentralized finance (DeFi) is transforming the financial industry by providing open-source, transparent, and decentralized financial applications. Built on smart contract-enabled blockchains like Ethereum, DeFi allows users to trade, lend, borrow, and engage in market-making without intermediaries. Currently, over $100 billion is invested in DeFi applications. Decentralized exchanges (DEXes) are among the most popular DeFi tools, using liquidity pools to facilitate trades and reward liquidity providers with transaction fees. Additionally, lending and borrowing protocols enable users to earn interest on deposited assets based on market demand. Despite its rapid growth, the DeFi sector faces challenges such as regulatory uncertainty and security vulnerabilities.