Vitalik Buterin has detailed Ethereum's scaling roadmap, dividing it into short-term and long-term strategies. In the short term, the upcoming Glamsterdam upgrade will introduce block-level access lists, ePBS, and gas repricing. It will also advance a multi-dimensional gas mechanism by separating 'state creation' costs from regular execution gas, aiming to enhance execution capacity while controlling state size growth. For the long term, the roadmap includes advancing PeerDAS to increase blob data throughput and gradually increasing reliance on ZK-EVM. By 2026, a small number of validators will use ZK-EVM, with plans to expand its use and raise gas limits by 2027. The ultimate goal is to transition to a mandatory multi-proof mechanism, relying on ZK proofs for validation to support higher scaling capabilities.