Researchers from the University of Maryland and the University of California have uncovered significant security vulnerabilities in geostationary satellites (GEO), which transmit sensitive data unencrypted. Using a $600 device, the team intercepted a wide range of unencrypted traffic, including mobile encryption keys, SMS, and potentially sensitive military or infrastructure data. The study involved monitoring 39 GEO satellites from a rooftop in San Diego. The researchers recommend using VPNs and encrypted messaging apps like Signal or Telegram to enhance privacy protection. Some service providers, such as T-Mobile, Walmart, and KPU, have already taken steps to address these vulnerabilities after being informed. The study did not cover low Earth orbit systems like Starlink, which are presumed to be encrypted but have not been independently verified.