Global economic growth is increasingly reliant on debt as the working-age population declines, impacting GDP growth rates. Traditionally, GDP growth is driven by population growth, productivity improvements, and debt expansion. However, with the working-age population shrinking, particularly in developed economies, the trend growth rate has fallen to approximately 1.75%. This demographic shift limits growth potential, forcing economies to depend more heavily on debt to sustain growth, raising concerns about long-term economic stability.