Nick Szabo, a pioneer in smart contracts and a potential inspiration for Satoshi Nakamoto, has broken his silence to highlight concerns about Bitcoin's trustlessness. In November 2025, Szabo warned that Bitcoin is not entirely trustless due to its 'legal attack surface.' He pointed out that governments could pressure miners, nodes, and wallets to censor or delete content, especially when data stored on the blockchain is easily renderable, such as visible images. This could lead to legal risks if a judge perceives a node as distributing illegal content. Szabo aligns with those advocating for limits or filters, such as Knots and critics of Core v30.
Jack Mallers, CEO of Strike, shares a similar cautious stance. Known for his monetary maximalism, Mallers has criticized Ordinals and Runes as distractions from Bitcoin's primary use as a currency, rather than as a platform for NFTs or tokens. Although he hasn't dominated the OP_RETURN debate in November 2025, Mallers has consistently argued against 'inscriptions' and emphasized Bitcoin's role as the best possible form of money.
Nick Szabo Warns of Bitcoin's Legal Attack Surface, Advocates for Caution
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