Global markets concluded a remarkable year with record gains, highlighted by significant movements in major indices and commodities. The S&P 500 rose 0.32% to close at 6932.13, while the Dow Jones Industrial Average added 0.60%, reaching 48731.81. Gold experienced a substantial surge, briefly surpassing $4,500 before settling at $4,480.23, marking an annual increase of approximately 70%. The elevated risk appetite was reflected in the fear and greed index, as U.S. Treasury yields fell, with the 10-year yield dropping to 4.136%. Strong labor market data has fueled expectations for further interest rate cuts.