Ethereum has reportedly solved the blockchain trilemma following the December 2025 Fusaka upgrade, according to co-founder Vitalik Buterin. The upgrade introduced PeerDAS, enhancing data availability and reducing proving times to approximately 16 seconds. This development marks a significant milestone, transitioning Ethereum to a distributed block building model to prevent builder oligopolies from controlling transaction inclusion. Despite these advancements, challenges remain in aligning incentives for distributed block building, as noted by Brevis co-founder Mo Dong. The complexity of maximal extractable value (MEV) extraction persists, necessitating a combination of in-protocol mechanisms and out-of-protocol solutions to reduce centralization. Additionally, the adoption of ERC-8004 and x402 standards is paving the way for AI agents to become autonomous economic actors, though this raises legal and systemic risks. Ethereum's account abstraction provides necessary guardrails, but enforcement through verification remains crucial.