Ethereum is set to transition to a fully zero-knowledge proof (ZK proof) protocol within the next three to five years, according to Consensys CEO Joseph Lubin. This shift aims to enhance Layer 1 performance and improve composability with Layer 2 protocols. Current Layer 2 solutions like Linea and Gnosis are already utilizing real-time ZK proofs for cross-network transactions, potentially leading to a unified execution environment without bridges. Lubin highlighted that the Rollup approach initially allowed Layer 2 protocols to trade some pricing power for technological advancement. The ecosystem is now moving from a divergent phase to a convergent phase, focusing on composability. He also clarified that there will be no "second foundation," with the Ethereum Foundation planning to spin off at least three teams dedicated to protocol, usability, and institutional growth.