A Duke University finance professor, Campbell Harvey, has estimated that executing a 51% attack on the Bitcoin blockchain would require an investment of $6 billion. This figure represents 0.25% of Bitcoin's $2.4 trillion market cap. The breakdown includes $4.6 billion for mining equipment, $1.4 billion for data center construction, and $130 million weekly for electricity costs. Despite the theoretical possibility, experts question the economic feasibility and practicality of such an attack. They highlight the significant time and resources needed to amass the necessary mining power and the likelihood of market manipulation detection, which could deter potential attackers.