Bitcoin's cryptography must evolve to withstand potential threats from quantum computers, but progress remains slow. Quantum researchers warn that Bitcoin developers need to prioritize upgrading to quantum-resistant algorithms, as cryptographically relevant quantum computers could emerge within three to five years. Despite existing quantum-resistant algorithms, coordination among Bitcoin's decentralized contributors poses a significant challenge.
Recent proposals, such as hash-based signatures, offer potential solutions, but disagreements on the urgency and approach hinder progress. While some developers downplay the threat, others caution that rapid advancements in quantum computing could unexpectedly compromise Bitcoin's security. The decentralized nature of Bitcoin's development complicates consensus on implementing necessary upgrades, echoing past disputes that led to network splits.
Bitcoin Faces Urgent Need for Quantum-Resistant Upgrade
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