Global central bank officials are set to gather this week in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, with inflation and the prospect of further increases in borrowing costs expected to dominate discussions. Officials and economists cited persistent supply-shock risks and uneven exposure to energy prices as key factors shaping policy responses. Economists said central banks are likely to maintain a cautious stance as new inflation threats emerge. Comments highlighted that Europe and Japan remain more sensitive to developments in the Middle East and oil prices, while the United States and the United Kingdom still have restrictive policy rates that may give their central banks more time to assess evolving shocks. Former Philadelphia Fed President Patrick Harker said multiple supply shocks are now hitting the global economy at the same time, making this year's Jackson Hole meeting materially different.